साफ्टवेयर व
हार्डवेयर समस्या और उसका हल
Troubleshooting is the process of figuring out how to
solve a computer problem. Even with the most updated software and hardware,
occasionally computers can malfunction. In order to solve a problem, you must
figure out which part of the system is malfunctioning. You will need to check
each component of the computer, unless it is obvious where the problem is
coming from.
Basic Troubleshooting Steps
1. Close open programs and windows you are not currently
using.
2. Make sure all of your cords are connected properly.
3. Try to repeat the sequence of commands you performed
before the problem occurred. See if
this causes the same response
by your computer.
4. Press the F1 key to access the Help
window. You can search for a solution to your problem
once the Help window appears.
5. If there is an error message, record the full message for
future reference.
6. Restart your computer to see if it clears the problem. To
restart your computer, open the start
window and
select the Restart button instead of the Log Off button.
7. If restarting the computer does not clear the problem,
shut down the computer and then start it
back up again.
8. If the issue is still not resolved, check the common
technology issues below or call your
system administrator.
कुछ सामान्य समस्याए
जो सभी कम्पयुटर मे पाया जाता है
समस्या 1 The printer is not working.
इस समस्या का
सामाधान इस प्रकार करे
Issue: The printer is not working.
1 Check if the
printer is turned on. If not, turn it on and try again.
2 Check if the
printer has paper. If not, put paper in the paper tray and try printing again.
3 Check if the printer has a paper jam. If so, remove the
paper, close the printer, and try
printing
again.
4 Ensure that all
printer cables are properly connected.
5 Turn off the printer and turn on again.
6 Check to see if a new printer driver is needed. Do this
by going to the manufacturer’s
website to
search for your printer model and checking for any updated driver. Seek
assistance
from your system administrator before installing any drivers.
समस्या 2 The computer is frozen. A program is not responding.
इस समस्या का सामाधान इस प्रकार करे
Issue: The computer is frozen. A program is not
responding.
1 Push the Ctrl,
Alt, and Delete keys at the same time. Then, start the Task Manager, highlight
the program’s
name, and hit the End Task button.
2 Perform a hard reboot by simply pressing the on/off
button to turn off the computer
manually. This
action should only be done as a last resort if you have an unresponsive
program or
critical error. This process could cause data loss or corruption.
3 Once the
computer is responding again, run a virus check.
समस्या 3 The keyboard is not working.
इस समस्या का सामाधान इस प्रकार करे
Issue: The keyboard is not working.
1 Make sure the
keyboard is connected to the computer. If not, connect it to the computer.
2 If you are using a wireless keyboard, try changing the
batteries.
3 If one of the keys on your keyboard gets stuck, turn
the computer off and clean with a damp
cloth.
4 Use the mouse to restart the computer.
समस्या 4 New hardware or software is working incorrectly.
इस समस्या का सामाधान इस प्रकार करे
Issue: New hardware or software is working incorrectly.
1 Verify your
computer meets the requirements of the program or utility.
2 Uninstall and
install the program.
3 There could be a
conflict with another installed program and you should contact your
system
administrator.
समस्या 5 The mouse is not working.
इस समस्या का सामाधान इस प्रकार करे
Issue: The mouse is not working correctly.
1 Check if the mouse is securely plugged into the
computer. If not, plug it in completely.
2 Check to see if
the cord has been damaged. If so, the mouse may need replacing.
3 If you are using a cordless mouse, try pushing the
connection button on the underside of the
mouse to
reestablish a connection.
4 Clean the mouse, especially on the bottom
समस्या 6 The computer is slow.
इस समस्या का सामाधान इस प्रकार करे
Issue: The computer is slow.
1 Restart your computer.
2 Verify that there is at least 200-500 MB of free hard drive space. To do so, select Start and
click on My
Computer or Computer. Then highlight the local C drive by clicking on it once.
Select the
Properties button at the top left-hand corner of the window; this will display
a
window
showing how much free and used space you have. If you need to recapture space:
3 Empty your recycle bin by
right-clicking on the Recycle Bin icon (usually on the desktop),
then
selecting Empty Recycle Bin.
4 Check your mail files. Remove
any large attachments and delete unused mail.
5 Images and videos take up a lot of space, so consider
moving those to an external drive.
6 Remove temporary files from
the Internet. To do so:
o Click Start button | My Computer or Computer.
o Click Open Control Panel at the top of the window.
o Click Network | Internet |Internet Options.
o Select the General tab and click Delete under Browsing
History.
7 Perform a disk cleanup. To do
so:
o Click Start button | My Computer or Computer.
o Highlight the local C drive by clicking on it once.
o Select the properties button at the top left of the window.
o Go to the General tab and select Disk Cleanup.
o Once the Disk Cleanup finishes running, click on Clean
up System Files; this will
delete
any unnecessary system-related files from your local disk.
8 Information in computer files changes often, resulting in
gaps or spaces within the file.
This takes up
more space on the computer and can cause the computer to slow down.
To reclaim these
gaps in space, run disk defrag. To do so:
o Click start | My Computer or Computer.
0 Highlight the local C drive by clicking on it once.
o Select the properties button at the top left of the
window.
o Go to the Tools tab and select Run Defragmentation.
Old or unused programs that aren’t being used may still
have components running behind
the scenes when you start your computer, which can slow
down the system. You can
prevent these programs from running when you start your
computer by removing unused
shortcuts and turning off unused program services.
9 Remove unused shortcuts from Windows startup
o Click Start button | Select All Programs | Click
Startup
o Right-click the shortcuts that you do not use and click
delete
10 Disable unused program services
o Click Start button | Control Panel | Administrative
Tools | Services
o For each program/service that you are certain that you
do not need, click on the
Service to highlight it, click the Stop link to stop the
service from running, then
double-click the service, choose Startup Type of
Disabled, and click OK.
Run a virus scan to remove potential viruses that can
slow down your computer.
समस्या 7 : The browser’s homepage suddenly changed.
This is a common symptom that a virus or browser hijacker
may have infected the
computer.
Try re-setting the home page to the default:
o In Internet Explorer:
On the Tools menu, click Internet Options.
Click the General tab.
In the Address box, type the Web address you want for
your home page.
Click OK.
o In Mozilla Foxfire:
Open the web site you want to set as your home page.
Click the icon to the left of the web address and drag it
to the Home button.
Click Yes.
If the home page still reverts back to the “new” page, do
an Internet search using keywords
that include the name of the “new” homepage and the word
“virus.” If there is a virus, this
search may reveal more information on the virus and how
it can be safely removed.
Run a virus scan.
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